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However, insofar as most IndieWeb projects identified on GitHub are built by individuals and in small groups, decision-making about their development is characterized by decentralization. This is commensurate with my experiences building Yarns as reported in Chapter 4, where I performed much of the work of building on my own (albeit with influence from and collaboration with a small number of other IndieWeb developers), but my overall approach was structured by the Microsub specification and norms about modularity and interoperability. The measures used in this chapter highlight centrality according to the frequency of one’s contributions, and to a limited extent the ability of one’s contributions to span the community (e.g. by measuring betweenness centrality). Where I have described a centre of influence, it is important to contrast this from the type of centre that emerges through hierarchical organizational structures or characterized by the centralized technical architectures of most corporate platforms.

2015; Yamani et al. 2016; Abdessamed and Abderrazak 2019 and Hafnaoui et al. 2020) or hydrogeomorphological approach (Cheikh lounis et al. 2015; ZaÏri 2018; Mimouni et al. 2019; Bourenane et al. 2019). By using PLUTON as a hydrological model and HecRas for flood simulation, Astite et al. 2015) delimitated flood risk areas in El Harrach river, the most important in Algiers city. Several flooding events resulting from the growth of the population and municipalities expansion over the natural space of El-Harrach River, have been identified in this coastal region. On the semiarid Ain-Sَafra River, which is located in Southwest of Algeria, a similar study was carried out (Abdessamed and Abderrazak 2019). The simulation was also carried out for the purpose of testing the retaining concrete walls built by local officials, as well as other proposed security measures. Results showed that for 100-years floods there are some overflows, although the measures given remain insufficient for 1000-years. Both studies (Astite et al. 2015 and Abdessamed and Abderrazak 2019) were focused on the frequency related to return periods to indicate flooded zones, furthermore, Hafnaoui et al.

Could you provide us with a detailed breakdown of your costs, including labor, materials, and overhead? We would also appreciate a breakdown of your projected sales figures for this product. Thank you for taking the time to read this letter and for your interest in our company. We look forward to hearing from you soon. Your inquiry should be tailored to the specific needs of the client. Your letter of inquiry should be clear and concise. This means that you should not waste the client’s time by writing too much or too little information. Make sure to focus on the key points that you want to discuss in your letter of inquiry. You should always be professional and polite when writing letters of inquiry. This will show the client that you are serious about pursuing a project with them and that you are willing to work hard to create a successful relationship. Be aware of potential red flags in the client’s request. This means that you should be on the lookout for any indications that the client is not serious about pursuing a project with you. These may include vague or incomplete information, unrealistic deadlines, or unreasonable budget demands. Once you have created a letter of inquiry that is tailored to the client’s needs, offer a proposal that outlines the services that you will provide. This will help the client to better understand the cost and timeline of the project. If the client requests a proposal or other information, be prepared to answer questions. This means that you should have all of the information that the client needs in order to make a decision. Follow up with the client after you have sent the letter of inquiry. This will help to ensure that the client is happy with the letter of inquiry and the proposal that you have provided.

Calero C, Maldonado R, Molina A (2008) Relación entre eventos climáticos y geológicos externos y pobreza. Carter MR, Barrett CB (2006) The economics of poverty traps and persistent poverty: an asset-based approach. Carter MR, Little PD, Mogues T, Negatu W (2007) Poverty traps and natural disasters in Ethiopia and Honduras. Caruso G (2017) The legacy of natural disasters: the intergenerational impact of 100 years of disasters in Latin America. Cavallo EA, Noy I (2009) The economics of natural disasters: a survey. Cavallo E, Galiani S, Noy I, "http://Forterrarooftile.com/__media__/js/netsoltrademark.php?d=Askreader.Co.uk%2F207641%2Femail-bomber-%25D1%2584%25D0%25BB%25D1%2583%25D0%25B4-%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D1%2587%25D1%2582-%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BD-online-service-email-flood Pantano J (2013) Catastrophic natural disasters and economic growth. Cheema I, Hunt S, Jakobsen M, Marzi M, O’Leary S, Pellerano L (2015) Citizen’s damage compensation Programme: impact evaluation report. Oxford Policy Management, Oxford, U.K. Clarke G, Wallsten S (2004) Do remittances protect households in developing countries against shocks? Evidence from a natural disaster in Jamaica. Coffman M, Noy I (2012) Hurricane Iniki: measuring the long-term economic impact of a natural disaster using synthetic control.